Practices of Normalizing Political Violence at Volkswagen do Brasil during the Brazilian Civil- Military Dictatorship (1964-1985)
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Marcelo Almeida de Carvalho Silva
Alessandra Costa
Abstract
Objective: to investigate what the practices of normalizing political violence perpetrated by Volkswagen do Brasil against its workers during the Brazilian military dictatorship were, how they were configured, and how they were operationalized. Theoretical framework: the historical context of corporate collaboration with dictatorial governments allows us to identify the invisible face of organizational violence that results from routine practices that normalize political violence. Methods: historical research with documental sources from the National Archives, the APESP, the Public Representation opened against the company by MPESP, the newspaper Tribuna Metalúrgica, the magazine Família VW, and the press. The documents were analyzed in dialogue with the historiography and with analytical categories from the field. Results: the research identified five practices of normalizing political violence: formalization, division of labor, routinization, authority and obedience, and identity and nonidentity politics. Conclusions: tunderstanding political violence as actions to dismantle workers’ protest movements for better working conditions and the organization of workers around issues of national politics, the results suggest that the company, in collaboration with repressive forces, carried out practices to normalize political violence.
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Silva, M. A. de C., & Costa, A. (2024). Practices of Normalizing Political Violence at Volkswagen do Brasil during the Brazilian Civil- Military Dictatorship (1964-1985). Journal of Contemporary Administration, 28(2), e230162. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-7849rac2024230162.en
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Kilby, J. (2013). Introduction to Special Issue: Theorizing violence. European Journal of Social Theory, 16, 261–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840615622069
Lang, J. (2020). The limited importance of dehumanization in collective violence. Current opinion in psychology. Current Opinion in Psychology, 35, 17-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.02.002
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Maclean, M., Harvey, C., & Clegg, S. R. (2016). Conceptualizing historical organization studies. Academy of Management Review, 41(4), 609-632. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24906243
Martí, I & Fernández, P. (2013). The institutional work of oppression and resistance: Learning from the Holocaust. Organization Studies, 34(8),1195-1223.
May, L. (1997) Socialization and institucional evil. In R. J. Bernstein, L. May, J. Kohn (Eds). Hannah Arendt: Twenty years later (pp. 83-105). MIT Press.
Methot-Jones, T., Book, A., & Gauthier, N. Y. (2019). Less than human: Psychopathy, dehumanization, and sexist and violent attitudes towards women. Personality and Individual Differences, 149, 250-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.06.002
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Miguel, L. F. (2014). Violência e Política. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Sociais, 30(88), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.17666/308829-44/2015
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Milgram, S. (1965). Some conditions of obedience and disobedience to authority. Human Relations, 18, 57–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872676501800105
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Oliveira, C. R., & Silveira, R. A. (2021). Um ensaio sobre crimes corporativos na perspectiva pós-colonial: Desafiando a literatura tradicional. Revista de Administração Contemporânea, 25(4), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-7849rac2021190144.por
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